initial commit

.gitignore

@@ -0,0 +1,132 @@
+# Logs
+logs
+*.log
+npm-debug.log*
+yarn-debug.log*
+yarn-error.log*
+lerna-debug.log*
+.pnpm-debug.log*
+
+# Diagnostic reports (https://nodejs.org/api/report.html)
+report.[0-9]*.[0-9]*.[0-9]*.[0-9]*.json
+
+# Runtime data
+pids
+*.pid
+*.seed
+*.pid.lock
+
+# Directory for instrumented libs generated by jscoverage/JSCover
+lib-cov
+
+# Coverage directory used by tools like istanbul
+coverage
+*.lcov
+
+# nyc test coverage
+.nyc_output
+
+# Grunt intermediate storage (https://gruntjs.com/creating-plugins#storing-task-files)
+.grunt
+
+# Bower dependency directory (https://bower.io/)
+bower_components
+
+# node-waf configuration
+.lock-wscript
+
+# Compiled binary addons (https://nodejs.org/api/addons.html)
+build/Release
+
+# Dependency directories
+node_modules/
+jspm_packages/
+
+# Snowpack dependency directory (https://snowpack.dev/)
+web_modules/
+
+# TypeScript cache
+*.tsbuildinfo
+
+# Optional npm cache directory
+.npm
+
+# Optional eslint cache
+.eslintcache
+
+# Optional stylelint cache
+.stylelintcache
+
+# Microbundle cache
+.rpt2_cache/
+.rts2_cache_cjs/
+.rts2_cache_es/
+.rts2_cache_umd/
+
+# Optional REPL history
+.node_repl_history
+
+# Output of 'npm pack'
+*.tgz
+
+# Yarn Integrity file
+.yarn-integrity
+
+# dotenv environment variable files
+.env
+.env.development.local
+.env.test.local
+.env.production.local
+.env.local
+
+# parcel-bundler cache (https://parceljs.org/)
+.cache
+.parcel-cache
+
+# Next.js build output
+.next
+out
+
+# Nuxt.js build / generate output
+.nuxt
+dist
+
+# Gatsby files
+.cache/
+# Comment in the public line in if your project uses Gatsby and not Next.js
+# https://nextjs.org/blog/next-9-1#public-directory-support
+# public
+
+# vuepress build output
+.vuepress/dist
+
+# vuepress v2.x temp and cache directory
+.temp
+.cache
+
+# Docusaurus cache and generated files
+.docusaurus
+
+# Serverless directories
+.serverless/
+
+# FuseBox cache
+.fusebox/
+
+# DynamoDB Local files
+.dynamodb/
+
+# TernJS port file
+.tern-port
+
+# Stores VSCode versions used for testing VSCode extensions
+.vscode-test
+
+# yarn v2
+.yarn/cache
+.yarn/unplugged
+.yarn/build-state.yml
+.yarn/install-state.gz
+.pnp.*
+
+all.zip

Operating Systems/mutex-example.c

@@ -0,0 +1,147 @@
+/* mutex-example.c */
+
+/* multi-threaded example showing multiple threads adding to
+ *  a shared set of global variables
+ *
+ * specifically, thread A sums 1 + 2 + ... + a, whereas
+ *  thread B sums 1 + 2 + ... + b
+ *
+ * both threads A and B add to global_sum, which should
+ *  then be 1 + 2 + ... + a + 1 + 2 + ... + b
+ */
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <pthread.h>
+
+/* shared global variables */
+int global_a;    /* sum: 1 + 2 + ... + a */
+int global_b;    /* sum: 1 + 2 + ... + b */
+int global_sum;  /* global_a + global_b */
+
+/* function prototypes for the thread functions */
+void * whattodo_for_a( void * arg );
+void * whattodo_for_b( void * arg );
+void * noise( void * arg );
+
+/* global mutex variables */
+pthread_mutex_t mutex_on_global_sum = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;
+
+int main( int argc, char * argv[] )
+{
+  if ( argc != 3 )
+  {
+    fprintf( stderr, "ERROR: Invalid input(s)\n" );
+    fprintf( stderr, "USAGE: a.out <a> <b>\n" );
+    return EXIT_FAILURE;
+  }
+
+  int a = atoi( argv[1] );
+  int b = atoi( argv[2] );
+
+  int expected_sum_a = 0;
+  for ( int i = 1 ; i <= a ; i++ ) expected_sum_a += i;
+
+  int expected_sum_b = 0;
+  for ( int i = 1 ; i <= b ; i++ ) expected_sum_b += i;
+
+  int expected_global_sum = expected_sum_a + expected_sum_b;
+
+
+  global_sum = global_a = global_b = 0;
+
+  pthread_t tid1, tid2, tid3;
+  int rc;
+
+  rc = pthread_create( &tid1, NULL, whattodo_for_a, &a );
+  if ( rc != 0 ) { fprintf( stderr, "pthread_create() failed (%d)\n", rc ); return EXIT_FAILURE; }
+
+  rc = pthread_create( &tid2, NULL, whattodo_for_b, &b );
+  if ( rc != 0 ) { fprintf( stderr, "pthread_create() failed (%d)\n", rc ); return EXIT_FAILURE; }
+
+  /* TO DO: add a third call to pthread_create() and have that
+   *         child thread call whattodo_for_b(), which then will
+   *          require synchronization on global_b...
+   */
+
+  rc = pthread_create( &tid3, NULL, noise, NULL );
+
+
+  rc = pthread_join( tid1, NULL );
+  if ( rc != 0 ) { fprintf( stderr, "pthread_join() failed (%d)\n", rc ); return EXIT_FAILURE; }
+
+  rc = pthread_join( tid2, NULL );
+  if ( rc != 0 ) { fprintf( stderr, "pthread_join() failed (%d)\n", rc ); return EXIT_FAILURE; }
+
+  /* no overlap in individual writes/updates to global_a */
+  printf( "MAIN: global a is %d (expected %d)%s\n", global_a, expected_sum_a,
+          global_a != expected_sum_a ? " **************" : "" );
+  
+  /* no overlap in individual writes/updates to global_b */
+  printf( "MAIN: global b is %d (expected %d)%s\n", global_b, expected_sum_b,
+          global_b != expected_sum_b ? " **************" : "" );
+
+  /* potential overlap in individual writes/updates to global_sum */
+  printf( "MAIN: global sum is %d (expected %d)%s\n", global_sum, expected_global_sum,
+          global_sum != expected_global_sum ? " **************" : "" );
+
+  return EXIT_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+
+
+void * whattodo_for_a( void * arg )
+{
+  int a = *(int *)arg;
+
+  for ( int i = 1 ; i <= a ; i++ )
+  {
+    printf( "Thread A: adding %d to global_a\n", i );
+    global_a += i;
+
+    printf( "Thread A: adding %d to global_sum\n", i );
+
+    pthread_mutex_lock( &mutex_on_global_sum );
+    {
+      global_sum += i;   /* CRITICAL SECTION */
+    }
+    pthread_mutex_unlock( &mutex_on_global_sum );
+  }
+
+  return NULL;
+}
+
+
+void * whattodo_for_b( void * arg )
+{
+  int b = *(int *)arg;
+
+  for ( int i = 1 ; i <= b ; i++ )
+  {
+    printf( "Thread B: adding %d to global_b\n", i );
+    global_b += i;
+
+    printf( "Thread B: adding %d to global_sum\n", i );
+
+    pthread_mutex_lock( &mutex_on_global_sum );
+    {
+      global_sum += i;   /* CRITICAL SECTION */
+    }
+    pthread_mutex_unlock( &mutex_on_global_sum );
+  }
+
+  return NULL;
+}
+
+
+
+void * noise( void * arg )
+{
+  for ( int i = 1 ; i <= 1000 ; i++ )
+  {
+    usleep( 100 );
+  }
+
+  return NULL;
+}

Operating Systems/pipewithforks.c

@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <sys/wait.h>
+
+
+int main() {
+    int pipefd[2];
+    int rc = pipe(pipefd);
+
+    if (rc == -1) {
+        perror("pipe() failed!");
+        return EXIT_FAILURE;
+    }
+
+    pid_t pid = fork();
+
+    if (pid == 0) {
+        perror("fork() failed!");
+        return EXIT_FAILURE;
+    }
+
+    if (pid == 0) {
+        // close the read end of the pipe (there's no need to use it in this process)
+        close(pipefd[0]);
+
+        // Write the bytes to the pipe
+        char* toWrite = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ";
+        int bytes_written = write(pipefd[1], toWrite, 26);
+        printf("Child process wrote \"%s\" (%d bytes)\n", toWrite, bytes_written);
+        
+        return EXIT_SUCCESS;
+    }
+    else {
+        // close the write end of the pipe (there's no need to use it in this process)
+        close(pipefd[0]);
+
+        int stat;
+        pid_t cpid = waitpid(pid, &stat, 0);
+
+        printf("child exited with status %d\n", WEXITSTATUS(stat));
+
+        char buffer[20];
+        int bytes_read = read(pipefd[0], buffer, 10);
+
+        // assume the data is char data
+        buffer[bytes_read] = '\0';
+
+        printf("Parent process read \"%s\" (%d bytes)\n", buffer, bytes_read);
+
+        // close the write buffer
+        close(pipefd[1]);
+    }
+
+    return EXIT_SUCCESS;
+}

README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+# Welcome to my notes!
+Feel free to browse for anything you like!  
+
+if you have any topics you'd like me to cover, please open an issue with the `new` tag  
+
+if you find an error, please open an issue with the `error` tag
+
+
+# Notes
+1. There are other classes who's notes I can't release because I was dumb and stored them locally on a PC that decided to die
+2. Homeworks/labs ***MAY*** be uploaded after graduation

docker/dFile.md

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+# Keywords
+
+## FROM (module)
+* gives instructions about the base platform to use (node, fedora, etc)
+- `FROM node:20`
+
+
+## WORKDIR (path)
+* like when you `cd` into a directory
+* makes sure any commands executed will be in this directory
+- `WORKDIR /app`
+
+
+## COPY (src) (dest)
+* copies files from `src` to `dest`
+* I THINK it's like a symbolic link? Maybe?
+- `COPY package*.json ./`
+
+*Note: you can get docker to ignore files by creating a `.dockerignore` file*
+
+
+## RUN (commands)
+* like running a command in the terminal!
+* `RUN npm install`
+
+
+## ENV ((varName=varVal) (varName2=varVal2) ...)
+* sets env vars (like doing it from the command line)
+- `ENV PORT=3000`
+
+
+## EXPOSE (PORT)
+* this will expose a port to the network
+- `EXPOSE 3000`
+
+
+## CMD (args[])
+* only ONE per dockerfile
+* will tell the container how to run the application
+* same as nodejs `spawn` args
+- `CMD ["npm", "start"]`
+
+
+# Notes
+every step/instruction in docker is it's own layer
+- docker attempts to cache layers if nothing is changes
+- this means we want to install dependancies first so they aren't re-installed every time (i.e. are cached)

docker/example/.dockerignore

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+node_modules

docker/example/Dockerfile

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+FROM node
+
+WORKDIR /app
+
+COPY package*.json ./
+
+RUN npm install
+
+COPY . .
+
+ENV PORT=3000
+
+EXPOSE 3000
+
+CMD ["node", "."]

docker/example/docker-compose.md

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+# Docker Compose
+allows running of multiple containers/volumes
+
+
+## Creating
+create a `docker-compose.yaml` file in the root dir of the project
+
+
+## Running
+use `docker-compose up`
+
+
+## Sections
+
+### Version
+a version number (i.e. `version: '3'`)
+
+### services
+this is the section containing the different things you want to run
+for example, if you want to runa web app, and then sql db you would use:
+```dockerfile
+services:
+    web:
+        build: .
+        ports:
+            - "3000:3000"
+    db:
+        image: "mysql"
+        environment:
+            # env vars here
+            ROOT_PASS: password
+        volumes:
+            -db-data:/foo
+
+volumes:
+    -db-data:/foo
+```
+

docker/example/docker-compose.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+services:
+    web:
+        build: .
+        ports:
+            - "3000:3000"
+    db:
+        image: "mysql"
+        environment:
+            # env vars here
+            ROOT_PASS: password
+        volumes:
+            - db-data:/foo
+
+volumes:
+    db-data:

docker/example/index.js

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+const app = require('express')();
+app.get('/', (req, res) => {
+    res.json({ message: "UWU" })
+});
+const port = process.env.PORT || 3000;
+app.listen(port, () => console.log(`app listening on port ${port}`));

docker/example/makefile

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+build_and_run:
+	sudo docker build -t ion606/img .
+	sudo docker run ion606/img -p 5000:3000
+
+build_and_run_with_mem:
+	sudo docker build -t ion606/img .
+	sudo docker volume create shared_mem
+	sudo docker run -p 5000:3000 --mount source=shared_mem,target=/shredmem ion606/img
+
+compose:
+	docker compose up
+
+stopall:
+	docker stop $(docker ps -a -q)

docker/example/package-lock.json

@@ -0,0 +1,694 @@
+{
+  "name": "example_dockerfile",
+  "version": "1.0.0",
+  "lockfileVersion": 3,
+  "requires": true,
+  "packages": {
+    "": {
+      "name": "example_dockerfile",
+      "version": "1.0.0",
+      "license": "ISC",
+      "dependencies": {
+        "express": "^4.19.2"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/accepts": {
+      "version": "1.3.8",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/accepts/-/accepts-1.3.8.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-PYAthTa2m2VKxuvSD3DPC/Gy+U+sOA1LAuT8mkmRuvw+NACSaeXEQ+NHcVF7rONl6qcaxV3Uuemwawk+7+SJLw==",
+      "dependencies": {
+        "mime-types": "~2.1.34",
+        "negotiator": "0.6.3"
+      },
+      "engines": {
+        "node": ">= 0.6"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/array-flatten": {
+      "version": "1.1.1",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/array-flatten/-/array-flatten-1.1.1.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-PCVAQswWemu6UdxsDFFX/+gVeYqKAod3D3UVm91jHwynguOwAvYPhx8nNlM++NqRcK6CxxpUafjmhIdKiHibqg=="
+    },
+    "node_modules/body-parser": {
+      "version": "1.20.2",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/body-parser/-/body-parser-1.20.2.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-ml9pReCu3M61kGlqoTm2umSXTlRTuGTx0bfYj+uIUKKYycG5NtSbeetV3faSU6R7ajOPw0g/J1PvK4qNy7s5bA==",
+      "dependencies": {
+        "bytes": "3.1.2",
+        "content-type": "~1.0.5",
+        "debug": "2.6.9",
+        "depd": "2.0.0",
+        "destroy": "1.2.0",
+        "http-errors": "2.0.0",
+        "iconv-lite": "0.4.24",
+        "on-finished": "2.4.1",
+        "qs": "6.11.0",
+        "raw-body": "2.5.2",
+        "type-is": "~1.6.18",
+        "unpipe": "1.0.0"
+      },
+      "engines": {
+        "node": ">= 0.8",
+        "npm": "1.2.8000 || >= 1.4.16"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/bytes": {
+      "version": "3.1.2",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/bytes/-/bytes-3.1.2.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-/Nf7TyzTx6S3yRJObOAV7956r8cr2+Oj8AC5dt8wSP3BQAoeX58NoHyCU8P8zGkNXStjTSi6fzO6F0pBdcYbEg==",
+      "engines": {
+        "node": ">= 0.8"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/call-bind": {
+      "version": "1.0.7",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/call-bind/-/call-bind-1.0.7.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-GHTSNSYICQ7scH7sZ+M2rFopRoLh8t2bLSW6BbgrtLsahOIB5iyAVJf9GjWK3cYTDaMj4XdBpM1cA6pIS0Kv2w==",
+      "dependencies": {
+        "es-define-property": "^1.0.0",
+        "es-errors": "^1.3.0",
+        "function-bind": "^1.1.2",
+        "get-intrinsic": "^1.2.4",
+        "set-function-length": "^1.2.1"
+      },
+      "engines": {
+        "node": ">= 0.4"
+      },
+      "funding": {
+        "url": "https://github.com/sponsors/ljharb"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/content-disposition": {
+      "version": "0.5.4",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/content-disposition/-/content-disposition-0.5.4.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-FveZTNuGw04cxlAiWbzi6zTAL/lhehaWbTtgluJh4/E95DqMwTmha3KZN1aAWA8cFIhHzMZUvLevkw5Rqk+tSQ==",
+      "dependencies": {
+        "safe-buffer": "5.2.1"
+      },
+      "engines": {
+        "node": ">= 0.6"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/content-type": {
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+      "engines": {
+        "node": ">= 0.6"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/cookie": {
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+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/cookie/-/cookie-0.6.0.tgz",
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+      "engines": {
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+      }
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+    },
+    "node_modules/debug": {
+      "version": "2.6.9",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/debug/-/debug-2.6.9.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-bC7ElrdJaJnPbAP+1EotYvqZsb3ecl5wi6Bfi6BJTUcNowp6cvspg0jXznRTKDjm/E7AdgFBVeAPVMNcKGsHMA==",
+      "dependencies": {
+        "ms": "2.0.0"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/define-data-property": {
+      "version": "1.1.4",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/define-data-property/-/define-data-property-1.1.4.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-rBMvIzlpA8v6E+SJZoo++HAYqsLrkg7MSfIinMPFhmkorw7X+dOXVJQs+QT69zGkzMyfDnIMN2Wid1+NbL3T+A==",
+      "dependencies": {
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+        "es-errors": "^1.3.0",
+        "gopd": "^1.0.1"
+      },
+      "engines": {
+        "node": ">= 0.4"
+      },
+      "funding": {
+        "url": "https://github.com/sponsors/ljharb"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/depd": {
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+      "engines": {
+        "node": ">= 0.8"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/destroy": {
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+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/destroy/-/destroy-1.2.0.tgz",
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+      "engines": {
+        "node": ">= 0.8",
+        "npm": "1.2.8000 || >= 1.4.16"
+      }
+    },
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+    },
+    "node_modules/encodeurl": {
+      "version": "1.0.2",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/encodeurl/-/encodeurl-1.0.2.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-TPJXq8JqFaVYm2CWmPvnP2Iyo4ZSM7/QKcSmuMLDObfpH5fi7RUGmd/rTDf+rut/saiDiQEeVTNgAmJEdAOx0w==",
+      "engines": {
+        "node": ">= 0.8"
+      }
+    },
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+      "version": "1.0.0",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/es-define-property/-/es-define-property-1.0.0.tgz",
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+      "dependencies": {
+        "get-intrinsic": "^1.2.4"
+      },
+      "engines": {
+        "node": ">= 0.4"
+      }
+    },
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+        "get-intrinsic": "^1.2.4",
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+        "call-bind": "^1.0.7",
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+        "object-inspect": "^1.13.1"
+      },
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+        "node": ">= 0.4"
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+      "funding": {
+        "url": "https://github.com/sponsors/ljharb"
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+      "version": "2.0.1",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/statuses/-/statuses-2.0.1.tgz",
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+      "engines": {
+        "node": ">= 0.8"
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+        "node": ">=0.6"
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+    "node_modules/type-is": {
+      "version": "1.6.18",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/type-is/-/type-is-1.6.18.tgz",
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+      "dependencies": {
+        "media-typer": "0.3.0",
+        "mime-types": "~2.1.24"
+      },
+      "engines": {
+        "node": ">= 0.6"
+      }
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+      "engines": {
+        "node": ">= 0.4.0"
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+    "node_modules/vary": {
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+      "engines": {
+        "node": ">= 0.8"
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+    }
+  }
+}

docker/example/package.json

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+{
+  "name": "example_dockerfile",
+  "version": "1.0.0",
+  "description": "",
+  "main": "index.js",
+  "scripts": {
+    "start": "node index.js",
+    "test": "echo \"Error: no test specified\" && exit 1"
+  },
+  "author": "",
+  "license": "ISC",
+  "dependencies": {
+    "express": "^4.19.2"
+  }
+}

docker/main.md

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+# Parts of Docker
+## Docker File
+a blueprint for building a docker image
+
+## Docker Image
+a template for running docker containers. These are IMMUTABLE!!!
+
+## Docker Container
+a running process (like a node app)
+
+## Docker Volume
+a "folder" on the host machine that can have data which multiple containers can access
+
+
+## Docker Compose
+runs multiple docker containers
+
+*Note: docker can basically "freeze" the dev env so that any other devs will be able to exactly reproduce it*
+
+
+# Commands
+## docker ps
+gives you a list of all images on your system
+
+
+## docker volume create (name)
+
+
+## docker build \[flags] (directory)
+builds the docker image
+
+### Options
+* -t [NAMETAG] - gives the docker conainer a name (i.e. ION606/myimage:1.0)
+
+
+## docker run (imageId || tagName)
+
+### Options
+* -p (LOCALPORT:CONTAINERPORT) - enables port forewarding between the docker container and the system
+
+* --mount (source=volumeName) (target=mountingName)
+
+
+## docker stop \[imageId]
+*Note: to stop all just use `docker stop $(docker ps -a -q)`*

index2.html

@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html lang="en">
+
+<head>
+    <meta charset="UTF-8">
+    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
+    <title>ION Knowledge Base</title>
+    <style>
+        body {
+            font-family: Arial, sans-serif;
+        }
+
+        .folder {
+            margin: 10px 0;
+        }
+
+        .folder>div {
+            cursor: pointer;
+            background-color: #f0f0f0;
+            padding: 10px;
+            border: 1px solid #ccc;
+        }
+
+        .folder-content {
+            display: none;
+            margin-left: 20px;
+        }
+
+        .folder-content a {
+            display: block;
+            margin: 5px 0;
+        }
+    </style>
+    <script>
+        function toggleFolderContent(event) {
+            const contentDiv = event.currentTarget.nextElementSibling;
+            contentDiv.style.display = contentDiv.style.display === 'block' ? 'none' : 'block';
+        }
+    </script>
+</head>
+
+<body>
+    <h1>Index</h1>
+    <div id="folders">
+        <!-- Folder entries will be inserted here -->
+    </div>
+    <script>
+        const folders = [
+            'AI and Blockchain',
+            'Computer Organization',
+            'Computer Science I',
+            'Data Structures',
+            'docker',
+            'Foundations from Computer Science',
+            'Introduction to Algorithms',
+            'kubernetes',
+            'Machine Learning from Data',
+            'Operating Systems',
+            'Programming Languages'
+        ];
+
+        const foldersContainer = document.getElementById('folders');
+
+        folders.forEach(folder => {
+            const folderDiv = document.createElement('div');
+            folderDiv.className = 'folder';
+            folderDiv.innerHTML = `
+                <div onclick="toggleFolderContent(event)">${folder}</div>
+                <div class="folder-content">
+                    <!-- Links to files in ${folder} will be inserted here -->
+                </div>
+            `;
+            foldersContainer.appendChild(folderDiv);
+
+            fetch(`${folder}`)
+                .then(response => response.text())
+                .then(data => {
+                    const parser = new DOMParser();
+                    const doc = parser.parseFromString(data, 'text/html');
+                    const links = doc.querySelectorAll('a');
+                    const contentDiv = folderDiv.querySelector('.folder-content');
+                    links.forEach(link => {
+                        const linkElement = document.createElement('a');
+                        linkElement.href = `${folder}/${link.getAttribute('href')}`;
+                        linkElement.textContent = link.textContent;
+                        contentDiv.appendChild(linkElement);
+                    });
+                });
+        });
+    </script>
+</body>
+
+</html>

kubernetes/components.md

@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+## Worker Node
+can be a physical server, virtual machine, etc
+
+made up of........
+## pods
+- a wrapper over a container so that Kubernetes can replace them if necessary
+- there is usually 1 application per pod (or 1 application with a helper)
+
+
+**pods are EPHEMERAL** (they can die very easily)
+★ for example, if the app contained in the pod's wrapped container crashes, runs out of resources, etc
+
+when this happens, a new pod is created in it's place, with a new address.
+To work with this, we attach a.....
+
+## Service
+- a static IP address that is attatched to each pod/app
+- an app (stored in a node) will have it's own service/database, and every pod will have it's own service
+- the service lifetime is not connected to the pod's, so when the pod is replaced, the same internal IP can be used
+- also works as a load balancer when allocating requests to pods
+
+
+There are **two types of services**
+1. internal
+    - this is the default type
+    - can not be accessed externally
+2. external
+    - you must specify this when creating a service
+    - can communicate externally (i.e. via browser for a web app's endpoint)
+    - can be accessed via http://[node_ip_addr][service_port_number]
+
+what if you want to access something, but it needs to be via some sort of domain?
+use.....
+
+## Ingress
+- exposes HTTP and HTTPS routes from outside the cluster to services within the cluster
+- you set **rules**, which will then decide how requests are routed (forewarded to services or otherwise)
+
+<hr>
+
+## ConfigMap
+- external configurations for your application (i.e. database urls)
+- connected to pods so that they have access to this data
+- this allows you to just change the value in the configMap without re-building the pods
+- stored in plaintext
+
+**HOWEVER**
+This type of storage is ***NOT*** secure, so kubernetes offers.....
+
+## Secret
+- just like configMap, but for secrets (i.e. usernames, passowrd, etc)
+- stored in base64-encoded format
+- is meant to be encrypted using third-party tools (perhaps given by the cloud provider)
+
+
+**BOTH** ConfigMap and Secret can be used inside of pods like env vars or as a properties file
+
+<hr>
+
+## Volume
+- used for data storage
+★ imagine there is a "database" pod. If that pod restarts, your data is gone
+- attaches physical storage to a pod
+- can be on the same machine the pod is running on or a remote source outside of the cluster
+- **kubernetes does not manage data persistance**

kubernetes/configuration.md

@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+# Communicating with the Master Node
+### Format
+a request must be in `YAML` format and has:
+1. apiVersion
+    - the api version
+
+2. kind
+    - the kind of thing this is referring to (Service, Deployement, etc)
+
+3. metadata
+    - name of component
+    - matchLabels (labels)
+        * this is like a tag for that component to be matched by `selectors`
+        * this is ONLY used by selectors ONE LAYER UP (i.e. service --> deployement/pods)
+
+4. spec (specification)
+    - any configurations you might need (selector, port, etc)
+    - this will be `kind` specific
+    - this section will be expanded on down below
+
+5. status
+    - this is automatically generated by kubernetes  
+    ★ for example, if you put `replicas: 2` under `spec`, kubernetes will add a status that lets it know that only 1 state is currently running, then continuously update it as new replicas are added or removed, change the number of replicas accordingly
+    - kubernetes gets this data from the `etcd` and compares it to your request  
+    ★ YAML is horrid, so consider using a tool like [https://yamlchecker.com/](https://yamlchecker.com/)
+
+
+## The Spec Field
+This gets it's own section because it can contain so many things. For example:
+
+### Pod Blueprints
+* stored in the `template` field, these are the blueprints for the pods
+* these will have their own `spec` and `metadata` fields in them
+* like nested configuration files as pods need their own configuration "files" inside of the **deployement**'s configuration file
+
+### Selectors
+* tells the deployement what `label` to match
+* this is ONLY used by selectors ONE LAYER DOWN (i.e. deployement/pods --> service)
+
+### Ports
+* the **service** has a port where it is accessible at
+    - this is the `port` variable
+* the **service** also needs a protocol which it is accessible by
+    - this is the `protocol` variable
+* the **service** also needs to know what port the pod to be contacted is listening on
+    - this is the `targetPort` variable
+* the **pod** has a port it is listening on
+    - this is the `containerPort` variable
+
+*Note: these files are ***declarative***, so for example if you specify there must be 3 replicas, kubernetes will try to ensure there are three replicas*

kubernetes/deployement.md

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+to avoid downtime, create a......
+
+## Deployement
+- a blueprint for for a process-specific pod
+- you specify how many replicas of the pod to make
+- this is an *abstraction* on top of pods
+- can scale up or down
+★ if one of the replicated pods dies, the service will simply foreward the request to whatever pod has the lightest load
+
+what if multiple pods want to write to a storage medium? Then we have to use a......
+
+## StatefulSet
+- replaces deployements for *stateful* apps (apps that need static information)  
+★ examples of stateful apps include databases, email, etc
+- ensures database reads/writes are synchronized
+- very complicated, consider hosting outside of the kubernetes cluster

kubernetes/example/mongo-config.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+# https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/configuration/configmap/
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: ConfigMap
+metadata:
+  name: mongo-config
+data:
+  mongo-url: mongo-service

kubernetes/example/mongo-secret.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+# https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/configuration/secret/
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: Secret
+metadata:
+  name: mongo-secret
+type: Opaque
+data:
+  mongo-user: bW9uZ291c2Vy
+  mongo-password: bW9uZ29wYXNzd29yZA==

kubernetes/example/mongo.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+# deployement and service for mongodb
+# https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/workloads/controllers/deployment/
+apiVersion: apps/v1
+kind: Deployment
+metadata:
+  name: mgongo-deployment
+  labels:
+    app: mgongo
+spec: # deployement-specific
+  replicas: 1
+  selector:
+    matchLabels:
+      app: mgongo
+  template: # deployement for the pods
+    metadata:
+      labels:
+        app: mgongo
+    spec:
+      containers: # https://hub.docker.com/_/mongo
+      - name: mongodb
+        image: mongo:5.0
+        ports:
+        - containerPort: 27017
+        env:  # sameple values for the demo webserver
+        - name: MONGO_INITDB_ROOT_USERNAME
+          valueFrom: 
+            secretKeyRef:  # get from secrets
+              name: mongo-secret
+              key: mongo-user      
+        - name: MONGO_INITDB_ROOT_PASSWORD
+          valueFrom: 
+            secretKeyRef:  # get from secrets
+              name: mongo-secret
+              key: mongo-password
+--- # "new file"
+# https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/services-networking/service/
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: Service
+metadata:
+  name: mongo-service
+spec:
+  selector:
+    app: mongo
+  ports:
+    - protocol: TCP
+      port: 27017
+      targetPort: 27017

kubernetes/example/runningSteps.md

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+## Initial Steps (readying your app)
+*Note: I assume you already have a minikube running*
+1. check if you have any pods running with `kubectl get pod` and stop them if so
+
+2. create external configurations
+    - kubectl apply -f mongo-config.yaml
+    - kubectl apply -f mongo-secret.yaml
+    ★ the -f is for file
+
+3. create connection for the database
+    - kubectl apply -f mongo.yaml
+
+4. deploy the web app
+    - kubectl apply -f webapp.yaml
+
+
+## Kubectl
+1. check your pods using `kubectl get all`
+2. check your configmap using `kubectl get configmap`
+3. check your secrets using `kubectl get secret`
+
+ - you can use `kubectl get [component_name]` to get some data for any component or run `kubectl get --help` for help with the `get` subcommand
+
+ - you can use `kubectl describe service [service_name]` to get a description of the service
+
+ - you can use `kubectl logs [pod_name]` to get the logs for that pod
+
+## Accessing the Application Externally
+In our case from the browser
+1. use `kubectl get svc` to get the service
+2. get the `nodPort`'s ip using `minikube ip`
+★ you can access more data using `kubectl get node -o wide`
+3. access the ip using the corresponding IP address : port

kubernetes/example/webapp.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+# deployement and service for mongodb
+# https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/workloads/controllers/deployment/
+apiVersion: apps/v1
+kind: Deployment
+metadata:
+  name: webapp-deployment
+  labels:
+    app: webapp
+spec: # deployement-specific
+  replicas: 1
+  selector:
+    matchLabels:
+      app: webapp
+  template: # deployement for the pods
+    metadata:
+      labels:
+        app: webapp
+    spec:
+      containers: # https://hub.docker.com/_/mongo
+      - name: webapp
+        image: nanajanashia/k8s-demo-app:v1.0  # demo web app
+        ports:
+        - containerPort: 3000
+        env: #add demo information
+        - name: USER_NAME
+          valueFrom: 
+            secretKeyRef:  # get from secrets
+              name: mongo-secret
+              key: mongo-user
+        - name: USER_PWD
+          valueFrom: 
+            secretKeyRef:  # get from secrets
+              name: mongo-secret
+              key: mongo-password
+        - name: DB_URL
+          valueFrom: 
+            configMapKeyRef:  # get from configMap
+              name: mongo-config
+              key: mongo-url
+--- # "new file"
+# https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/services-networking/service/
+apiVersion: v1
+kind: Service
+metadata:
+  name: webapp-service
+spec:
+  type: NodePort # external service port type
+  selector:
+    app: webapp
+  ports:
+    - protocol: TCP
+      port: 3000
+      targetPort: 3000
+      nodePort: 30100 # see https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/services-networking/service/#type-nodeport for ranges

kubernetes/local_deployements.md

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+you can run using [minicube](https://minikube.sigs.k8s.io/docs/start/?)!
+small open-source program where both the master and node both run on one machine
+
+you can interact with the cluster using [cubectl](https://kubernetes.io/docs/tasks/tools/)!
+
+
+minikube can either start as a container or a virtual machine (make sure you have docker installed)
+
+## Setting it up
+you can start minikube by running `minikube start --driver=docker`
+
+## Checking
+just use `minikube status`
+
+## Interacting with Minikube
+1. get the node using `kubectl get node`
+
+*Note: when creating secrets, you can just use `echo -n datahere | base64` to encode it*

kubernetes/main.md

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+My notes from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s_o8dwzRlu4 and other videos
+
+# What is kubernetes
+* an open source container orchestration tool
+* helps you manage apps that are made of 100s or 1000s of containers in different dev environments (cloud, local, etc)
+
+
+## Container Orchestration Tool
+* manages many containers
+* offers high availability (little to no downtime)
+* offers scalability
+* offers disaster recovery (backup and restore)
+
+
+## Kubernetes Cluster Structure
+### at least 1 Master Node
+has:
+* API Server (the entrypoint for the kubernetes cluster), this is what the kubernetes clients (UI, API, CLI, etc) will talk to
+* Controller Manager
+	- keeps track of the cluster (i.e. a container has died, restart it)
+* Scheduler
+	- decides on which node any new container should be scheduled
+	- it does this based on workload, server resources on each node, etc
+* etcd
+	- key/value storage for the current state of the cluster
+	- holds the current config data, status data of each node/the node's container, etc
+	- snapshots of this etcd are used for RECOVERY
+
+**connected to it, there are many smaller**
+
+### Worker Nodes
+all of which have:
+* a kublet (kubernetes process that talks to other kublets and master node) running on it
+* docker containers (which do the work)
+
+
+### Virtual Network
+* spans all the nodes in the cluster
+* enables the nodes to talk to each other
+
+*Note: in most prod environments, it's recommended to have more than one master node so that if one of them fails, the process can continue running*